Ma huang (Ephedra sinica)
Ephedra sinica
Western and Chinese herbalism
Western and Chinese herbalism

Ma huang

Ephedra sinica

Also known as Ephedra, Cao Ma Huang, cǎo má huáng, zhōng má huáng, mù zéi má huáng.

WarmingTaste: BitterTaste: Astringent

Typically contains 2.5-3% total alkaloids TCM=Releases wind cold external pathogens, releases damp conditions thru diaphoresis, stimulates qi and reduces stagnation in lung/urinary bladder channels, used to release exterior through diaphoresis for exterior-excess conditions and wind-cold conditions, ventilates lung and is commonly used to treat conditions characterized by chills, aversion to cold, fever, absence of perspiration, headache, body aches, nasal obstruction and a superficial, tight pulse, relieves wheezing, dyspnea & cough, helps regulate water circulation and relieves ed Discontinue use if rapid heartbeat, dizziness, severe headache, shortness of breath

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StimulantBronchodilatorAntiallergicAnticatarrhalAnti-inflammatoryVasoconstrictingBronchodilatingCentral stimulatingdiaphoreticantipyreticantiasthmaticsympathomimetic/respiratory spasmolytic

Indications what the tradition reached for it in

Safety

Recognised toxicity. This plant carries a toxicity flag in the record; it is for trained practitioners only.

Low dose botanical. Used in drop doses in the classical practice; not a plant to dose freely.

Pregnancy: Use with care in pregnancy

Breastfeeding: Not for use while breastfeeding

The record lists 15 contraindications; open the plate in the library to read them in full.

Dosing as the sources wrote it

PreparationAs writtenMetric
Decoction1-2 tsp/c TID
Tincture (1:3-1:5)1-2 ml TID1-2 mL
Max dose300 mg total alkaloids/d for adult, don't start at this dose (only short term use at this dose for weight loss)300-300 mg
Crude herb1.5-9 g/d1500-9000 mg
Herb 1.2-2.3 g cut herbs containing approximately 1.3% (13 mg/ g) total alkaloids1200-2300 mg
(G4) Extract Adults: 15 -30 mg alkaloids (maximum daily dose 300 mg), calculated as ephedrine15-30 mg

Doses are reproduced from the sources for practitioners and are not a recommendation for any person.

From the sources

Clinical Notes. Typically contains 2.5-3% total alkaloids TCM=Releases wind cold external pathogens, releases damp conditions thru diaphoresis, stimulates qi and reduces stagnation in lung/urinary bladder channels, used to release exterior through diaphoresis for exterior-excess conditions and wind-cold conditions, ventilates lung and is commonly used to treat conditions characterized by chills, aversion to cold, fever, absence of perspiration, headache, body aches, nasal obstruction and a superficial, tight pulse, relieves wheezing, dyspnea & cough, helps regulate water circulation and relieves ed Discontinue use if rapid heartbeat, dizziness, severe headache, shortness of breath

indications. Ma huang is traditionally indicated for: Sinusitis, Cough (wheezing), Rhinitis, Bronchoconstriction, Upper respiratory infection, Congestion (respiratory), Allergies, Weight management, Hay fever, Bronchitis, Congestion (sinus), Asthma, Bronchospasm, Inflammation, Infection, and 6 further conditions.

dose-reference. Reference preparation/dosing for Ma huang: Decoction=1-2 tsp/c TID; Tincture (1:3-1:5)=1-2 ml TID; Max dose=300 mg total alkaloids/d for adult, don't start at this dose (only short term use at this dose for weight loss); Crude herb=1.5-9 g/d

safety-cautions. Ma huang - Contraindications: Heart disease, Hypertension, Insomnia, Anxiety, Prostatic enlargement, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Glaucoma, Thyrotoxicosis, Renal failure, Diabetes | Side effects: Greater than or equal to 150 mg ephedrine alkaloids/day=some pts experience side effects, Insomnia, Irritability, Restlessness, Anxiety, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting | Safety flags: not considered safe in pregnancy; not considered safe during lactation; low-dose / narrow therapeutic window (use caution).

In formulas

Ma huang stands in 130 documented formulas in the library, among them huo rén công chi tāng, má huáng tâng, má huáng jia zhú tǎng, sǎn ǎo tāng, hua gài sǎn, má huáng xing rén yì yi gàn cǎo tàng.

Often paired with

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